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Minimum Viable Product (MVP)

Definition

The smallest version of a product that can be released to test a key business hypothesis with real users. An MVP is not a half-baked product; it is a deliberate experiment designed to maximize learning with minimal effort. PMs use MVPs to validate demand, test value propositions, and gather evidence before scaling investment.

Why It Matters for Product Managers

Understanding minimum viable product is critical for product managers because it directly influences how teams prioritize work, measure progress, and deliver value to users. PMs use MVPs to validate demand, test value propositions, and gather evidence before scaling investment. Without a clear grasp of this concept, PMs risk making decisions based on assumptions rather than evidence, which can lead to wasted engineering effort and missed market opportunities.

How It Works in Practice

Product teams put this concept into action by integrating it into their regular workflow:

  • Adopt — Agree as a team on how and when to apply this practice, making it an explicit part of the team's working agreement.
  • Execute — Follow through consistently, treating the practice as a non-negotiable part of how the team operates.
  • Inspect — Regularly evaluate whether the practice is delivering the expected benefits and surface any friction.
  • Adapt — Adjust the approach based on what the team learns, keeping what works and discarding what does not.

    • The value of minimum viable product compounds over time. Teams that commit to it consistently see improvements in velocity, quality, and cross-functional alignment.

    Common Pitfalls

  • Treating this as a checkbox activity rather than embedding it into daily team habits.
  • Applying the concept rigidly without adapting it to the team's context and maturity level.
  • Failing to communicate the purpose behind the practice, which leads to team resistance.

    • Related Concepts

    To build a more complete picture, explore these related concepts: Lean Startup, Fake Door Test, and Prototype. Each connects to this term and together they form a toolkit that product managers draw on daily.

    Related Terms

    Lean StartupFake Door TestPrototype

    Frequently Asked Questions

    What is minimum viable product in product management?+
    The smallest version of a product that can be released to test a key business hypothesis with real users. Product managers use this concept to make more informed decisions and deliver better outcomes for users and the business.
    Why is minimum viable product important for product teams?+
    Minimum Viable Product is important because it provides structure and alignment that enable teams to ship faster, reduce waste, and maintain quality. Teams that adopt this practice consistently see improvements in collaboration, predictability, and user satisfaction.
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